Firearm.



I3. A. NIzL'soN.

FIREARM.

APPLICATION FILI-:o Au6.24. 1914.

, Patented Mar. 28,1916.A

IIIII 3 SHEETS-SHEET l- C.A. NELS'ON.

FIREARM.

APPLICATION FILED Aue.24. I9I4.

Patented Mar. 28, 1916.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

w/mfsses IIJIIIEIIIroIIj 7m dwf/hm,

'J nu 0L, ATTORNEY C. A. NELSON.

FIREARM.

APPLICAIQAJON FILED Aue.24. 1914.

Patented Mar. 28, 1916.

.3 SHEETS-'SHEET 3.

' mywroh, lmresfl. erong,

MAJ,

m .lO Y ATTORNEY JcHnRLEsfAK.

or Urrea,4 NiiwuYonK; AzzoonroRATIoN oFNEW ironick ,l f '1 TodZZ 'fathomtma'jz/viconce'riti/L"."IV i j i Beit known that Lf'CHARLEsAQNE'LsoN, acitizen'o'f' the United1 States, residing at Utica in the county fofOneiday and State of New York, have inventedI certain*newA and usefulImprovements 1n Firearingof which the foll'owingisa speclfic'atlon.v

" I The obfec't'ofifmypresent invention is to improvements, showingthefl'ftransferl and' i i partly advanced; Fig".vr 3 isla s'irnilarlView, -v showing said parts-inthe 'position they o oincrease thevfacility of operation; reliability "and general Vefficiency ofthe meansfor 'caus- :l ing the transferv ofl the cartridgesfrom the magazine tothe breech ofalgun lof, the type iny which Athe'icartridgesv aredelivered :from

'the magazine lin a' directionA substantially longitudinally oftheaxisfof the barrel, rep'- resented, for'finstance, "my l. rPatent I'have-fully illustltd my. Present wherein, n y .I Y* i Figure 1 1s `alongitudinal 'sectional View of the recelver-'portionv of. agunnhavingSaid other parts in theposition they occupy when thezactionI slideisfullv hack;`iFig.f2 is a similar view, showing said. partsfin theposiz tion they occupy l"when the faction Vslide is cupy whenthe actionVslideis'full forward and the gunhas:beenred;"Fig. his' an insideelevation `of the left halfvor section,r of. ythe receiver and'thefpartscarried directlythereby Fig.5',`6,andf7 area side elevation,`

plan and frontV elevationA of the carriere;

Figs.` 8 and 9 are `aside elevation and a planl ofthe' lifter; Figs.l10l and 11` are a sideelevation of a plan of thevfcartridgevstop; "Fig:12 is a plan` of the rearfpart oftheyaction slide; Fig. 13 a Viewyshowing the actionfslide and a stud (12) 'onrv the carrier in'hvvariouspositions of the,former;.and, Fig.: 14 isa transverse sectional vieiv ofthe action slide j and' carrier the vertical plane of stud l12.

The receiver or frz'nnea comprises a Stock section a and a barrelsection u, `which vlie face to face when assenllileth'being interflocked bythe lnortise and ten'on` connections l' v1),"0 aiidfay (Figs. 1anda) and-lielkl9togetlier manner. 1

by the `'single screwfa alll inr'afwell knoiv'nr kmay be entered in;-anyfiwell 'vv'iiy and l y NELSON;y oialirlioa,- YYionx,y -Assienoivro'sliyiien RMKS'COEIVCN i 'srpecicatioln ofLetters fat-ent. i wund-1,meid @g1-5.24, mii. l'sie'rizamdssgzss. f l i is the magazine termlnalprojecting into l c the/chamberof the receiver and'slottedfat its upperlside in its vprojecting portion to permit the bodies (but notthe`l1eads')`ft he cartridges to rise although not fully clearreari/'vardly4 of the'gtermina'l, being substantiallyv the "same *as theterminal de hed and claimed in-my application Serial '.NO,A l

737,441, andf'designed' `to4 permit cartridges jkv is vthe breech-bolt,carrying the j 'ringf pin' ',I andihaving the forwardly'projecting.spring-hook cartridge-extractor Z and oppo-v site hookedprojectionfmadapted to receive thehead-of a cartridgethrust upwardly-into ofva'riouslengths to be handled infthe arn.V

their grip" (Fig-J 2), and also having f the breechsup shouldern',coacti've with the fixed recoil shoulder v0,'and Vthe dep'eridingho'ok-yshapedy lug lpforrned with' opposite yincl-ined Surfaces Pand P7. l

g lvz's the ba-ribaving asleeve r'fs'liding "on .i the magazine tube) ofthe'action slide land the sliding forearm.' orgrip fixedk sleeve.Therear end vportion of-the' bafr'g" is thin at g, sov astopossesssomeresiliency,- j

and 'thickat q, thev thickened imrtion'hav-k ing on the inside theendless "groove for guideway 15'(tov bei referred to again iride'-avi1)',1thestuda and hook a.' -Theforwardg endkof the breechholt restsat the far side in Figs; f1, 2 and 3 onathe a'ction'slide a'nd at' Y therear on stud u, sbeing confined .against sidewise movement bythe twosed-,10h30,

`and'cWof the receiver." fVhen the action-f' Slide is retracted the studu after some lost motionimpingesjagainst surface 72 offhook-A lugr p andcams down the breech-bolt out c breeched-up position', thereupon,movingj back the latter to thefully openv position; whentlie' actionslide is returned,after sorfne lostl notion again, 'Studyimpingeslgainst surface p, drives the bolthoinexand'finallyr breeches itup.

w' is the spring-actuated ejector v`coper-y in a well yknown inaini'er.l

s spring-pressed m vpressedl locking'bar ivhichl'holds the triggerV 10oyl ative -witliuthe hook Allt-.to tlirowjrout theY empty extracted shellsthrough the fopening against the notched surface y of the hammer andforms part of means for manually locking the trigger against retractionwhen holding the hammer cocked, the hammer being adapted tobe moved tothe cocked position by the lug p engaging the cam surface y (Fig. 4)thereof; and 4 is a manually controlled hook-lever for locking againstretraction the action slide unless the stud y" on the hammer depressessaid hooklever out of locking engagement with the notch q" of the actionslide-'c'. e., in the forward or firing position of the hammer.

5 is-a leaf pivoted on a horizontal axis and spring-held in overlappingposition to the cartridge carrier (to be described),y

when the latter is depressed, retreating into a recessl 6 in receiversection a in response to upward pressure of the carrier when the latterrises.

Those of the foregoing elements that are not found in the Savage PatentNo. 839,517 have been describedand claimed in my copending applicationbefore referred to and are therefore not claimed herein, excepting incertain combinations to be pointed out.

In the improved means for transferring the cartridges from the magazineinto posi# tion to be breeched the cartridge carrier is moved up anddown in both directions under the influence of the action slide, thusavoiding the use of a spring, as in my application referred to, to movethe carrier in one direction. Coacting with the carrier to.

grip the cartridge is the cartridge lifter, which, when the carrier isat its lowest limit of movement, ,is capable of somewhat fartherdownward movement to allow a ca-rtridge tov be introduced from themagazine tube between the gripping portions of the lifter and carrierpreparatory to these parts elevating it into position for breeching.

` Adapted normally to obstruct the discharge end of the magazine tube isa cartridge stop lwhich is displaced out of the obstructing position bythe lifter only when the latter is in its lowermost position-where theaforesaid portions of the carrier and lifter are sufficiently spaced toadmit a cartridge between them. The carrier, lifter and cartridge stoprise and fall, under the influence of the action slide, substantially asone element, except when the carrier is at its lowest limit of movement,when the lifter and cartridge stop perform 4-the movements peculiar tothemA independently of the carrier, this being accomplished by a novelassociation of the three parts and a certain disposition of a spring forinfluencingthe lifter and cartridge stop.

vThe carrier, 7, fulcrumed on a sleeve 8 arranged in receiver section aand penetrated by the screw e, at its front end has a cartridge seat 9and above the rear thereof the overhang 10; depending from its front endis the curved Wall 11 having a slot 11 and serving to limit the downwardmovement of 'the cai'riei-,by contact with the under side 4ing toprevent delivery of cartridges from the tube except the carrier is thusfully depressed. The carrier, which is bifurcated for the most part, ispenetrated by the stud 12 projecting therefrom toward the action slidebar q and working in its groove t.

The lifter 13 is fulcrumed on sleeve 8, being fitted between the legs ofthe carrier, having a. slot 14 receiving the stud 12 and being limitedin its upward movement relatively to the carrier by said stud, andhaving a forward tongue 15 to underlie the cartridge, and coactwithoverhang 10 to grip the cartridge and also to depress the cartridgestop;it has a hump 16 projecting above the rear part of the carrier andformed with the camming surface 16.

The cartridge stop 17, fulcrumed on a pin l 18 in the carrier, has atits front end a fin 19 occupying slot 11 in the carrier and a stop 20which, by contact with the carrier, limits the upward movement of thecartridge sto-p in the carrier to a position where the n projects abovethe seat 9 of the carrler.

Housed between tlie'legs of the carrier and interposed between thelifter and cartridge stop forward of the fulcrum of the former andrearward of that of the latter is a spring 21 which, always undercompression, holds the forward end of the lifter elevated to the limitafforded by stud 12 and the forward end of the cartridge stop elevatedto the limit afforded by stop'20.

The groove t is continuous, comprising the inclined parallel cammingportions t and t and the upper and lower horizontal portions t3, thelatter of which is extended rearwardly, as at t4.

At t5 there is a stop or shoulder having the inclined approach t", Fig.12.

The travel of the stud 12 in groove t, as

the action slide reciprocates, is in the direction of the arrows, Fig.13, where in position I the gun is closed and is ready to fire; inposition II the action slide has been retracted; and in position III,IV/and V the action slide appears at various stages of return toposition I.

Operation The gun being closed. at which time stud u holds thebreech-bolt breechedup and the lifter, cartridge-stop and carrier fulldown (Fig. 3), the retraction of the action slide accomplishes theunlocking and retraction of the breech-bolt and the release and then theelevation of the parts of the transfer mechanism. so that a cartridge isbrought to the position shown in Fig. 1.

. The ensuing advance of the action slide ac- 4 l I andthe lreturn ofthe.transfer mechanism tothe psitionshownin Fig. 3'-the positionforreceiving ajfresh cartridge." o.

4Theff unlocking and retraction of Athe breechlyliolt fand 'the frelease and then the el'e'yationof theparts ofthe' transfer I necha-y jn ism arejaccomplished asv follows: 'Inthe re-` tractioiiofthe actionslide stud u; first clearf ing". s'urfz'icejl pff and then engagingsurface Pff'allowstheabreechfbolt tfo fall and then'ydarestbackwararesuting inthe 'extrae 'tion 'and' ejection ofthe'spentsliellin a wellI kno-ra manner by the instrumentalitie Pwv videdjlg forthe,y purpose; j 'said' stud at :this

time also. clears the lifter which, .in 'rising undr-jthe-p1fessere Of,Spring 21,. on, the one, liandffallow'sfthe forward vor fm end Aof, the'ca'rtri'dg'gel stop 17 'to 'rise' (also underv pres-lv Srqof 'saidspring) unal stoppedbycnaa if rin 2,0,.w1ih the lifwa thus'immediately.bl tickingX the'ypossijble. Vpreinatnre admis-k sion; 'cfa cartridge to"the cartridge Seaty of the carrier; and on theother hand grips the` buttof; the.. already seatedy cartridgebetween itselfy iandthe overhang y 10of [the carrier;

U ii 'allyi'i'n 'the latter part ofthe actionslides mcvement,.fsti 1d'l2on the'carrier I1s acted upbnlby.the.ipelinedportion #..Offthe' @amempire .t'aarriea lifter, cartridge' 'Step al11d the,'fgripped'martridgemoving as.. one upwardly'andgpivotally on --sleevev 8 als'an axisuntilthecarlfer abutsthe forwardl end .of

the." breech-bolt,r (Fig. 1). vOnce `stud 12 fairly begins to mountinclined portion tu ofthe earn groove vthe action .slide becomeslocked'.by, theshonlderl t against `forward movementfuntil the.fullfbackward mover' ment'frhasbeen completed .andfstud 12 ViS 'aimedI'with 'the upper,v grooye-portion ts; in

thisfwayfajam which might result ifl thek transfer mechanism could bereturned down-v ward Q yafter ,once n being started upward and" soAralise" the` upendlng offthe cartridge griplgeil:` .thereby by the'next cartridge, is prevented..- It will be understood that the Vspring-leafQ- assists in properly directing .tlaecartridgeto vits seatin thecarrier at theI outset and ,that/it also holds its nose depressed1n the carrier until approximately -the positionI ofFig: lis reached;further,

. that by bearing'against thesideof the carrier it frictionally assists.in preserving it Ielevated', i. e., ,against its4 stud .12 running(backward) Adown the incline t in the-now vensuing 'forwardnlovement ,ofthe action slide.- .'.When-the actionv slide is now adl vanced,s'tudfu,l by contact 4with surface p,

first :forwardifand then .breeches-up the breech-bolt', the ,forward,end of the'firing pin shoving thel cartridge butt outl lfrom ,underoverhangwl, .the lifter snapping upwardly-tothe limit afforded by stud12 and 4 elevating -thencartridge into the hold oftheL gripping" meansk:l m on the breech-bolt, which then breeches the cartridge.` Stud u'also in its forward travel further engages camming surfacel'l of hump16 'and thereby depresses lifter, carrier and cartridge stop assubstantially one element (i. e.`, yvithout change in theilastrelativepositions-` Fig. 2) until the depen'dingwallll (which meanwhilehas 4prevented `the cartridges in the magazine'from being delivered)abutsA therecelver and the depression of the carrier is checked,whereupon the lifter is depressed until it. bears upon and depressesthecfor-y ward end of the cartridge stop to allow the rearmost cartridgeto enter the carrier with its butt over thetongue-of the lifter andlunder overhang 10; in the present instance, .the depression of lthellifter is, as stated, ac-

tually "effected by contactof stud lLt'withl .hump 16, the inclinedportionv t? ofthe cam groove merely permitting thedescending of the stud12, but it'might also'be effected by 4the camming action of portion t2on stud 120. It. will be observed thatthe breeching-up movement of thebolt and the final depression of the lifter and cartridge stop Aoccursimultaneously as thestud u crowds itself between the breech-bolt andlifter, at-which time portion t4' of groove 2 accommodates stud 12. Itwill also be understood that the lthinning of the action' slideat ggivesit the needed resiliency to insure the locking actionzof shouldert. l. v-v Having thuis fully described my. inven# tion, what I claim as newanddesire to secure by Letters Patent' is:

1. In combination, the frame of a gun, an

actuating means movable longitudinally of the barrel, themagazine belowthe barreh.`

the breech-bolt movable back and forth to and from the barrel. and alsoupwardly into locked engagementl with the frame,

van up-and-down moving cartridge transfer means, and actuating meansmovable longitudinally of the gun4 and in a part of its movement havingupward cammingl action 'on the breech-bolt and downward camming actionon the transfer means.

3. In combination, the frame of the gun, the barrel', the magazine belowthe barrel. the breech-bolt movable back and forth yto, and fromthebarrel and also upwardly intolocked engagement with the frame, an upisc.

and-down moving cartridge transfer means,

and actuating means movable longitudi nally of the gun and in a part ofits movement having simultaneous upward camming action on thebreech-bolt and downward camming action o'n the transfer means.

.4. In a means for transferring the car-' trldges from the magazine. tothe barrel lfer means and reciprocating means adapted on the strokethereof in one direction to move the transfer means, said mechanismincluding means to lock the actuating means against movement in theopposite direction when between a definite point in and the end of saidstroke. l i

6. A gun having an action slide movable back and forth between definitelimits, and means to lock the action slide during its movement from oneof said limits toward the other against movement in the relativelyopposite direction.

7. In combination, With a supporting structure, mechanism for effectingthe transfer of the cartridges from the magazine to the barrel-breech ofa gun including a. transfer means and reciprocating means adapted on thestroke thereof in one direction to move the transfer means, said meanshaving interlocking instrumentalities opposing movement of the actuatingmeans in the opposite direction When between a definlte point in and theend of said stroke.

8. In combination, with a sup orting structure, mechanism for handling t.e cartridges including a cartridge-movingmeans and a reciprocatingelement adapted on its movement in one direction to move said means,said cartridge moving means and y the reciprocating element beinginterlockable to block the movement of said element in the oppositedirection when between a definite point in and the end of its movementin one direction.

9. In combination, with a supporting structure. mechanism for effectingthe transfer of the cartridges from the magazine to the barrel-breech ofa gun including a transferlmeans and reciprocating means adapted on onestroke thereof to move the transfer means. one of said means having acamming gnidewav engaged bv the othermeans and said guidewayhaving-means between the ends thereof to block the movement of theactuating'means in one direction., t "Q 10. In combination, thereceiver, the barrel-breech lan'd magazine opening'into the receiver.movable ,mechanism forl receiving a cartridge from the Amagazine anddeliver-i lng the same in position for`breechingqjfinz` cl'udingcoacting c'artridge-holding mem'i bers, means to' move said mechanism,"Aand` a magazine delivery controllingdevice 'mov-V able in oneand'cont'rolled by the other 'of said members. y 11. y'In combination,the receiver, thebarrel-breech andjmagazine opening into the receiver',movable mechanism forl receiving a cartridge Vfrom the'magazine'anddelivering the sameA in position for breeching including a pair ofcartridge-gripping members, means to transmit movement to said mecha`ni'sm through one `of said members, and a magazine "deliveryIcontrolling cartridge stop movable in said mechanism and-"controlled byone of said members.

12. In combination, the'receiver, thebar-fl rel-breech and magazinelopeninginto 'the receiver, movable mechanism forv `receiving acartridge from the magazine and'deliver# ing the same in positionforbreeching in-` cluding a pair of cartridgegripping. mem-j bers, meansto transmit movement tosaid mechanism throughone of said"members, and amagazine"delivery controllingcar# tri'dge stop contrlled by saidmemberand carried by the other member.l "l

v13. In combination, the receiver, the'bar'# rel-breech and magazineopening into the receiver, a cartridge carriermovablein the receiver,two' members ,each"movable `into and out of contact with the carrier andone forming with they carrier a cartridge grip'-` ping means and theother forming al'maga` zine delivery controlling cartridge stop, aspring yinterposed between said members and holding them against thecarrier, and means to move the carrier engageable with the first-namedvmember, the latter member being thereupon movable against ltheIsecond-named member to' move the'same out of contact with the carrier.l

14. In combination, the receiver, Ythe barrel-breech and the magazineopeninginto the receiver below the barrel. and the upand-down movablecartridge carrier., a mov able magazine delivery controlling device, anactuating member, and a thrust assuming member for the actuating membercushioned on the carrier and engageable with and adapted to actuate thecontrolling device. 15. In combination` the receiver, the/bar`rel-breech and magazine opening into the receiver below the barrel, anup-and-down movable cartridge carrier, a depressible normally upliftedmagazine delivery controlling device, and a common means for mov` thecarrier down and depressing the controlling device including a movablemember coacting with the carrier to hold the cartridge.

16. A gun having an action slide movable back and forth, the actionslide and a part of `the gun lateral'of the action slide havinginterlocking portions adapted on the stroke of the action-slide in onedirection to b lock movement of the slide in the opposlte direc tion'when between a definite point in and the Aend of its stroke in onedirection, said portion of the action slide being laterallyresilient.

17. A gun having a one-piece elongated flexible and resilientaction-slide member movable longitudinally and also having means toconfine said member in vone portion of the length thereof againstlateral movement, a part of the gun and a portion of said memberlongitudinally lremoved from the irst-named portion thereof havingdevices interlocking to block the movement of said member longitudinallyin one direc- V'tion and the second-named portion of said .member beingfree to be laterally iexedfrom "said part of the from each other. f A

18. In combination, the receiver, the maggun to clear said devices azineand barrel-breech opening into the receiver, a transfer means movableback and forth in the receiver, cartridge-engaging means frictionallyopposing movement of the transfer means, and actuating means for thetransfer means movable back and forth,

each other in the back and forth movement of the actuating means.

19. In combination, the receiver, the barrel breech and magazine openinginto the receiver, and' coacting movable actuating means and movabletransfer means, thelatter having movement from cartridge receivingrelatlon to the magazine into position for delivering the cartridge tothe barrel- ,breech, said coactingmeans including means to block thetransfer means against return when between a definite ment and saidposition. .l

In testimony whereof I aiix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

CHARLES A. NELSON. I

Witnesses: M. E EHREBMAM NOBEL Woon.

point vin said moveg'- l 'said transfer and actuating means having apair of camming surfaces affording alter- .nate polnts of contact ofsaidmeans with

